The beginnings of the museum date back to 1940, when the first exhibition organised displayed artefacts unearthed during the archaeological research at Neamţ Fortress. The museum itself was set up in 1957, within the ceremonies celebrating 500 years from the ascent of Ştefan cel Mare to the Moldavian throne. The current venue, housing the museum since 1978, is the building where the well-known Princely School (built in 1853) was opened. Among others, Ion Creangă and the future-to-be great philosopher Vasile Conta, born in Grumăzeşti, close to Humuleşti, went to this school.

In 1987, the base exhibition was fully reorganised and given the current structure which presents the history of traditional crafts in the Neamţ Depression, ranging from the household ones – e.g. wool processing and weaving – to processing produce, animal skins, bone and antlers, wood, metal, and pottery.

The base exhibition displayed in the pavilion in the yard contains various rural installations for processing seeds and fruit, wool, wood, etc.

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